The Cambridge Handbook of Physics Formulas

Index from 'coherence' to 'dodecahedron' 

---

coherence

     length [8.106], 172

     mutual [8.97], 172

     temporal [8.105], 172

     time [8.106], 172

     width [8.111], 172

Coherence (scalar theory), 172

cold plasmas, 157

collision

     broadening [8.114], 173

     elastic, 73

     inelastic, 73

     number [5.91], 113

     time (electron drift) [6.61], 132

colour excess [9.37], 179

colour index [9.36], 179

COMMON THREE-DIMENSIONAL COORDINATE SYSTEMS, 21

commutator (in uncertainty relation) [4.6], 90

COMMUTATORS, 26

COMPACT OBJECTS AND BLACK HOLES, 183

complementary error function [2.392], 45

COMPLEX ANALYSIS, 31

complex conjugate [2.160], 30

COMPLEX NUMBERS, 30

complex numbers

     argument [2.158], 30

     cartesian form [2.154], 30

     conjugate [2.160], 30

     logarithm [2.163], 30

     modulus [2.156], 30

     polar form [2.155], 30

Complex variables, 30

compound pendulum [3.182], 76

compressibility

     adiabatic [5.21], 107

     isothermal [5.20], 107

compression modulus, see bulk modulus

compression ratio [5.13], 107

Compton

     scattering [7.240], 155

     wavelength (value), 8

     wavelength [7.240], 155

conditional probability [2.568], 59

conductance (definition), 148

conductance (dimensions), 16

conduction equation (and transport) [5.96], 113

conduction equation [2.341], 43

conductivity

     and resistivity [7.142], 147

     dimensions, 16

     direct [7.279], 158

     electrical, of a plasma [7.233], 155

     free electron a.c. [6.63], 132

     free electron d.c. [6.62], 132

     Hall [7.280], 158

conductor refractive index [7.234], 155

cone

     centre of mass [3.175], 76

     moment of inertia [3.160], 75

     surface area [2.272], 37

     volume [2.273], 37

configurational entropy [5.105], 114

CONIC SECTIONS, 38

conical pendulum [3.180], 76

conservation of

     angular momentum [4.113], 98

     charge [7.39], 139

     mass [3.285], 84

CONSTANT ACCELERATION, 68

constant of gravitation, 7

contact angle (surface tension) [3.340], 88

continuity equation (quantum physics) [4.14], 90

continuity in fluids [3.285], 84

CONTINUOUS PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS, 58

contravariant components

     in general relativity, 67

     in special relativity [3.26], 65

convection (in a star) [9.64], 181

convergence and limits, 28

CONVERSION FACTORS, 10

Converting between units, 10

convolution

     definition [2.488], 53

     derivative [2.499], 53

     discrete [2.581], 60

     Laplace transform [2.517], 55

     rules [2.490], 53

     theorem [2.491], 53

coordinate systems, 21

coordinate transformations

     astronomical, 177

     Galilean, 64

     relativistic, 64

     rotating frames [3.31], 66

Coordinate transformations (astronomical), 177

coordinates (generalised ) [3.213], 79

coordination number (cubic lattices), 127

Coriolis force [3.33], 66

CORNU SPIRAL, 167

Cornu spiral and Fresnel integrals [8.54], 167

correlation coefficient

     multinormal [2.560], 58

     Pearson's r [2.547], 57

correlation intensity [8.109], 172

correlation theorem [2.495], 53

cosx

     and Euler's formula [2.217], 34

     series expansion [2.136], 29

cosec, see csc

cschx [2.232], 34

coshx

     definition [2.218], 34

     series expansion [2.144], 29

cosine formula

     planar triangles [2.250], 36

     spherical triangles [2.258], 36

cosmic scale factor [9.95], 185

cosmological constant [9.97], 185

COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETERS, 184

Cosmology, 184

cos^-1 x, see arccosx

cotx

     definition [2.227], 34

     series expansion [2.141], 29

cothx [2.228], 34

Couette flow [3.306], 85

coulomb (unit), 4

Coulomb gauge condition [7.42], 139

Coulomb logarithm [7.254], 156

Coulomb's law [7.119], 145

couple

     definition [3.67], 68

     dimensions, 16

     electromagnetic, 145

     for Couette flow [3.306], 85

     on a current-loop [7.127], 145

     on a magnetic dipole [7.126], 145

     on a rigid body, 77

     on an electric dipole [7.125], 145

     twisting [3.252], 81

coupling coefficient [7.148], 147

covariance [2.559], 58

covariant components [3.26], 65

cracks (critical length) [6.25], 128

critical damping [3.199], 78

critical density (of the universe) [9.98], 185

critical frequency (synchrotron) [7.293], 159

critical point

     Dieterici gas [5.75], 111

     van der Waals gas [5.70], 111

cross-correlation [2.494], 53

cross-product [2.2], 20

cross-section

     absorption [5.175], 120

     Breit-Wigner [4.174], 104

     Mott scattering [4.180], 104

     Rayleigh scattering [7.236], 155

     Rutherford scattering [3.124], 72

     Thomson scattering [7.238], 155

CRYSTAL DIFFRACTION, 128

CRYSTAL SYSTEMS, 127

Crystalline structure, 126

cscx

     definition [2.231], 34

     series expansion [2.140], 29

cschx [2.232], 34

cube

     electrical capacitance [7.17], 137

     mensuration, 38

CUBIC EQUATIONS, 51

cubic expansivity [5.19], 107

CUBIC LATTICES, 127

cubic system (crystallographic), 127

Curie temperature [7.114], 144

Curie's law [7.113], 144

Curie-Weiss law [7.114], 144

CURL, 22

curl

     cylindrical coordinates [2.34], 22

     general coordinates [2.36], 22

     rectangular coordinates [2.33], 22

     spherical coordinates [2.35], 22

current

     dimensions, 16

     electric [7.139], 147

     law (Kirchhoff's) [7.161], 149

     magnetic flux density from [7.11], 136

     probability density [4.13], 90

     thermodynamic work [5.9], 106

     transformation [7.165], 149

current density

     dimensions, 16

     four-vector [7.76], 141

     free [7.63], 140

     free electron [6.60], 132

     hole [6.89], 134

     Lorentz transformation, 141

     magnetic flux density [7.10], 136

curvature

     in differential geomtry [2.287], 39

     parameter (cosmic) [9.95], 185

     radius of

         and curvature [2.288], 39

         plane curve [2.283], 39

curve length (plane curve) [2.280], 39

CURVE MEASURE, 39

CYCLE EFFICIENCIES (THERMODYNAMIC), 107

cyclic permutation [2.97], 26

cyclotron frequency [7.265], 157

cylinder

     area [2.270], 37

     capacitance [7.15], 137

     moment of inertia [3.155], 75

     torsional rigidity [3.253], 81

     volume [2.271], 37

cylinders (adjacent)

     capacitance [7.21], 137

     inductance [7.25], 137

cylinders (coaxial)

     capacitance [7.19], 137

     inductance [7.24], 137

cylindrical polar coordinates, 21

d orbitals [4.100], 97

D'Alembertian [7.78], 141

damped harmonic oscillator [3.196], 78

damping profile [8.112], 173

day (unit), 5

day of week [9.3], 177

daylight saving time [9.4], 177

de Boer parameter [6.54], 131

de Broglie relation [4.2], 90

de Broglie wavelength (thermal) [5.83], 112

de Moivre's theorem [2.215], 34

Debye

     T³ law [6.47], 130

     frequency [6.41], 130

     function [6.49], 130

     heat capacity [6.45], 130

     length [7.251], 156

     number [7.253], 156

     screening [7.252], 156

     temperature [6.43], 130

DEBYE THEORY, 130

Debye-Waller factor [6.33], 128

deca, 5

decay constant [4.163], 103

decay law [4.163], 103

deceleration parameter [9.86], 184

deci, 5

decibel [5.144], 117

declination coordinate [9.11], 177

decrement (oscillating systems) [3.202], 78

DEFINITE INTEGRALS, 46

degeneracy pressure [9.77], 183

degree (unit), 5

degree Celsius (unit), 4

degree kelvin [5.2], 106

degree of freedom (and equipartition), 113

degree of mutual coherence [8.99], 172

degree of polarisation [8.96], 171

degree of temporal coherence, 172

deka, 5

del operator, 21

del-squared operator, 23

DELTA FUNCTIONS, 50

delta-star transformation, 149

densities of elements, 124

density (dimensions), 16

density of states

     electron [6.70], 133

     particle [4.66], 94

     phonon [6.44], 130

density parameter [9.99], 185

depolarising factors [7.92], 142

DERIVATIVES (GENERAL), 40

determinant [2.79], 25

deviation (of a prism) [8.73], 169

diamagnetic moment (electron) [7.108], 144

diamagnetic susceptibility (Landau) [6.80], 133

DIAMAGNETISM, 144

DIELECTRIC LAYERS, 162

DIETERICI GAS, 111

Dieterici gas law [5.72], 111

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS, 43

differential equations (numerical solutions), 62

DIFFERENTIAL GEOMETRY, 39

DIFFERENTIAL OPERATOR IDENTITIES, 23

differential scattering cross-section [3.124], 72

Differentiation, 40

differentiation

     hyperbolic functions, 41

     numerical, 61

     of a function of a function [2.296], 40

     of a log [2.301], 40

     of a power [2.293], 40

     of a product [2.294], 40

     of a quotient [2.295], 40

     of exponential [2.302], 40

     of integral [2.300], 40

     of inverse functions [2.305], 40

     trigonometric functions, 41

     under integral sign [2.299], 40

diffraction from

     N slits [8.25], 164

     1 slit [8.37], 165

     2 slits [8.24], 164

     circular aperture [8.40], 165

     crystals, 128

     infinite grating [8.26], 164

     rectangular aperture [8.39], 165

diffraction grating

     finite [8.25], 164

     general, 164

     infinite [8.26], 164

diffusion coefficient (semiconductor) [6.88], 134

diffusion equation

     differential equation [2.341], 43

     Fick's first law [5.93], 113

diffusion length (semiconductor) [6.94], 134

diffusivity (magnetic) [7.282], 158

dilatation (volume strain) [3.236], 80

Dimensions, 16

diode (semiconductor) [6.92], 134

dioptre number [8.68], 168

dipole

     antenna power

         flux [7.131], 146

         gain [7.213], 153

         total [7.132], 146

     electric field [7.31], 138

     energy of

         electric [7.136], 146

         magnetic [7.137], 146

     field from

         magnetic [7.36], 138

     moment (dimensions), 17

     moment of

         electric [7.80], 142

         magnetic [7.94], 143

     potential

         electric [7.82], 142

         magnetic [7.95], 143

     radiation

         field [7.207], 153

         magnetic [9.69], 182

     radiation resistance [7.209], 153

dipole moment per unit volume

     electric [7.83], 142

     magnetic [7.97], 143

Dirac bracket, 92

Dirac delta function [2.449], 50

Dirac equation [4.183], 104

Dirac matrices [4.185], 104

DIRAC NOTATION, 92

direct conductivity [7.279], 158

directrix (of conic section), 38

disc, see disk

discrete convolution, 60

DISCRETE PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS, 57

DISCRETE STATISTICS, 57

disk

     Airy [8.40], 165

     capacitance [7.13], 137

     centre of mass of sector [3.172], 76

     coaxial capacitance [7.22], 137

     drag in a fluid, 85

     electric field [7.28], 138

     moment of inertia [3.168], 75

DISLOCATIONS AND CRACKS, 128

dispersion

     diffraction grating [8.31], 164

     in a plasma [7.261], 157

     in fluid waves, 86

     in quantum physics [4.5], 90

     in waveguides [7.188], 151

     intermodal (optical fibre) [8.79], 169

     measure [9.70], 182

     of a prism [8.76], 169

     phonon (alternating springs) [6.39], 129

     phonon (diatomic chain) [6.37], 129

     phonon (monatomic chain) [6.34], 129

     pulsar [9.72], 182

displacement, D [7.86], 142

DISTANCE INDICATORS, 180

distance-redshift relation [9.89], 184

DIVERGENCE, 22

divergence

     cylindrical coordinates [2.30], 22

     general coordinates [2.32], 22

     rectangular coordinates [2.29], 22

     spherical coordinates [2.31], 22

     theorem [2.59], 23

dodecahedron, 38